According to the national standards *Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings* (GB50016) and *Technical Standard for Fire Emergency Lighting and Evacuation Guidance Systems* (GB51309), there are clear requirements for the installation location and height of fire emergency lighting fixtures. Safety exit sign lights should be installed directly above the safety exit door, with the bottom edge of the sign light no more than 20 cm from the top edge of the door frame. Sign lights should be installed in evacuation corridors and at corners, preferably with low-level installation, less than 1 meter from the ground (floor). If traditional high-level installation is used, the bottom edge of the sign light should be 2.2 to 2.5 meters from the ground. In stairwells and refuge floors, signs should be installed above the landing or on the wall of each stairwell. In large spaces (such as halls), the installation spacing should not exceed 20 meters; in corridors, the spacing should not exceed 10 meters. The installation location should be clearly visible, ensuring the front of the fixture faces the evacuation route and is not obstructed by any objects.
Fire emergency lighting fixtures must be powered by a dedicated emergency power supply circuit, automatically switching to backup power (battery) after a main power outage. No plugs should be used to connect fire emergency lighting fixtures to the power supply line. Wiring should be protected by metal conduits or flame-retardant PVC pipes and should be concealed within a non-combustible structure (with a protective layer thickness of at least 30mm). If exposed, fire-retardant paint or other fire prevention measures must be applied to the steel conduit. Residual current trip protection devices should not be installed in the input and output circuits of the centralized power supply or distribution box for emergency lighting.
After installation, fire emergency lighting fixtures must undergo acceptance testing. Key standards include: after a simulated main power outage, the emergency light must automatically illuminate within 5 seconds and provide continuous illumination for at least 90 minutes (in high-rise buildings, etc.). The fixtures should have a status indicator light (usually a solid green light for main power status). During routine inspections, the fixture's ability to illuminate automatically in an emergency while powered on can be tested by pressing and holding the 'test' button for approximately 3 seconds; alternatively, the main power can be disconnected to simulate a power outage and test its automatic switching and continuous illumination capabilities.
